Su waye 'yan tawayen Chadi, kuma me suke so?

'Yan tawayen kasar Chadi, wadanda suka kwashe tsawon lokaci suna son karɓe ikon kasar, sun sha alwashin ci gaba da kai hari kwanakin kadan bayan mutuwar Shugaba Idriss Deby.

Tsohon shugaban kasar ya mutu ne sakamakon raunukan da ya ji a gumurzun da ya yi da 'yan tawayen a karshen makon jiya.

Hakan ne ya sa aka naɗa ɗansa Mahamat Idriss Déby wanda aka fi sani da Mahamat Kaka, domin jagorancin kasar na watanni 18 inda za a shirya zaɓe.

Sai dai 'yan tawayen sun ci alwashin dangana wa da N'djamena.

Abin da ake tambaya shi ne, su wane ne 'yan tawayen kuma me suke so?

Tarihin kasar Chadi cike yake da tawaye da kuma hare-haren 'yan bindiga. Shi kansa Idriss Deby Itno, ɗan tawaye ne wanda ya ƙwaci mulki da ƙarfin tuwo, kuma ya sha fama da boren 'yan tawaye wadanda suka sha yin yunƙurin kawar da shi daga kan mulki.

Wata tambayar da mutane suke yi ita ce: me ya sa kasar ta Chadi ta yi ƙaurin suna wajen tawaye da tashin-tashina?

Dr. Daniel Eizenga, wani mai bincike a Cibiyar Bincike kan kasashen Afirka ta Africa Center for Strategic Studies, ya shaida wa BBC cewa hakan na faruwa ne idan aka samu yanayi na kama-karya a kasa.

"Irin hakan na faruwa ne a mulki irin na danniya da kama-karya.

"Idan aka samu dan kama-karya wanda ya mamaye ikon kasa sannan ya mayar da hankali wajen mu'amala da mutane kalilan, abin da zai faru shi ne sauran jama'a za su ga tamkar an mayar da su saniyar ware, kuma hanyar kawai da za su bi domin samun 'yancin kansu ita ce tawaye da tayar da zaune tsaye," in ji shi.

Al'adar yin tawaye

A nasa bangaren, Paul Simon Handy, wani mai nazari a Cibiyar Bincike kan Tsaro da ke Afirka Ta Kudu, ya bayyana cewa "tawaye yana samo asali ne daga rikice-rikice."

Ya kara da cewa: "Galibin 'yan tawaye ba su da tasiri a siyasance kuma ba so suke su kawo sauyi a Chadi ba.

"Idan ka yi nazari kan masu son ƙwace mulki yawanci suna son yin haka ne saboda cimma buri na ƙashin kansu, ko na ƙabilarsu ko kuma yankunansu, ba na ci gaban ƙasa baki daya ba".

Daya daga cikin kungiyoyin 'yan tawayen, Front pour l'alternance et la concorde au Tchad (Fact), wadda tsohon jami'in sojin kasa ya kafa a 2016, ta ƙaddamar da gagarumin hari ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu, kwana daya kafin zaben shugaban kasa.

Sun gina sansanoninsu a Tsaunukan Tibesti na kasar Libya, wadanda ke maƙwabtaka da arewacin Chadi da wani bangaren kudancin Libya.

'Yan tawayen sun rika matsawa suna tunkarar N'Djamena.

A cikin daya daga cikin fafatawar da 'yan tawayen suka yi ne aka yi mummunar raunata Shugaba Deby lamarin da ya kai ga ajalinsa, kamar yadda Gwamnatin Mulkin Sojin kasar ta bayyana.

Yaya aka kafa kungiyar 'yan tawayen?

An kafa kungiyar 'yan tawayen FACT ne a 2016 sakamakon takaddamar da aka yi tsakanin Mahamat Mahdi Ali da Mahamat Nouri, shugaban 'yan tawayen Chadi, wanda ya jagoranci kungiyar the Union of Forces for Democracy and Development (UFDD) da aka kafa a 2006.

Mahamat Nouri tsohon abokin Hissene Habre ne wanda ya zama Minista a gwamnatin Idriss Deby kafin su ɓaɓe daga bisani.

Lokacin da aka soma rikicin kasar Libya, 'yan tawayen Chadi da dama sun fafata a ɓangarorin biyu.

Da farko kungiyar ta FACT tana bangaren mayakan da ke Misrata da ke da alaka da gwamnatin Tripoli ta wancan lokacin, kafin su koma bangaren Janar Haftar, a cewar Antoine Glaser, wani masani kan Afirka, wanda ya wallafa littafi mai suna "The African trap de Macron."

"Bayan ya kammala zamansa a Libya, ra'ayin Mahamat Mahdi na tawaye ya sha bamban da na Nouri lamarin da ya sa suka yi hannun-riga," a cewar Paul Simon Handy.

Daga nan ne kungiyar ta FACT ta hado kan sojojin Chadi da suka yi wa gwamnati tawaye da kuma 'yan tawayen kasar da ma sojojin haya. Sun kafa sansaninsu a ibya.

Masu sharhi da dama sun ce kungiyar ta FACT tana da tarin makamai.

"Wani abin mamaki shi ne yadda suke da dimbin makamai lamarin da ya tayar da hankalin sojojin Chadi. Nan da nan suka mamaye arewacin Chadi inda daga bisani suka tunkari yankin Kanem inda suka fafata da sojoji ciki har da Shugaba Déby ", a cewar Dr. Daniel Eizenga

"Da alama sun samu tallafi bisa alakarsu da mayakan kudancin Libya inda ake tunanin sun samu taimakon ne daga Janar Khalifa Haftar," in ji shi.

Su wane ne shugabannin FACT?

Mahamat Mahdi Ali, shugaban kungiyar FACT, ya shiga kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye daban-daban tun daga shekarun 1990. Shi dan kabilar Gorane du Kanem, kamar Hissène Habré.

Ya isa Faransa a matsayin dan gudun hijira a 1989, inda ya Digiri a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar Reims. Kazalika shi dan fafutuka ne da ke goyon bayan jam'iyyar Socialist Party ta Faransa.

"Akwai tsama tsakaninsa da Deby domin kuwa lokacin da ya yi juyin mulki ya musguna wa 'yan kabilar Gorane. An kashe 'yan uwan Mahdi Ali da dama. Don haka ba shi da zabi da ya rage masa shiga tawaye," a cewar Paul Simon Handy.

Daga bisani ya rike mukamai daban-daban a kungiyar 'yan tawayen kuma ya rika fafatawa da Idriss Déby.

Mayaka nawa ne a kungiyar FACT?

Babu cikakken bayani game da adadin mayakan kungiyar FACT.

"Sai dai wadanda aka sani za su kai tsakanin 1,000 zuwa 1,500 kuma suna da ababen hawa 100 zuwa 150," a cewar Antoine Glaser.

Me suke so?

Babban burinsu shi ne su kawar da Shugaba Idriss Deby daga kan mulki karfi da yaji.

Sun yi Majalisar Mulkin Sojin da aka kafa karkashin jagorancin dan Idriss Déby.

Antoine Glaser ya ce: "Kafin mutuwar Deby, wakilan kungiyar FACT sun ce suna son zama a Kanem sannan su tattauna kan makomar siyasar kasar amma sai idan ba ya kan mulki. Yanzu kuwa sun ce za su tunkari N'Djamena saboda dan Deby ne har yanzu a kan mulki. Ina tsammanin abubuwan da suke so suna da dama, kuma sun dogara ne da muradansu na siyasa a N'Djamena."

Me hakan ke nufi ga makomar Chadi?

FACT na cikin kungiyoyin 'yan tawayen Chadi hudu da ke zaune a kudancin Libya - sauran su ne UFR (Union des forces de la Résistance), UFDD (Union des forces pour la democratie et le development) da kuma CCSMR (Military Command Council for the Salvation of the Republic).

A tarihance, ba su taɓa amincewa da manufa daya ba don haka ba su taba hada kai domin kawar da gwamnatin da ke Ndjamena ba, sai dai mutuwar Idriss Deby kan iya sauya wannan matsayi nasu.

Musamman ganin cewa yanzu ana kallon gwamnatin da ke N'Djamena a matsayin mara karfi bayan mutuwar Shugaba Deby.

Mai bincike Paul Simon Handy yana ganin hakan zai bai wa 'yan tawayne damar "numfasawa" domin su yi nazari kan yadda za su tunkari sojin kasar wadanda lagonsu ya karye.

Tuni kungiyar 'yan tawayen Union des forces de la Résistance (UFR),wadda gamayyar kungiyar 'yan tawayen Chadi ce, ta nuna goyon bayanta ga FACT.

Paul Simon Handy na ganin hakan zai sa a samu sabuwar tashin-tashina a Chadi.